History of Cocaine

One of the most broadly utilized illicit medications in the United States is cocaine, and like numerous different medications, it originates from a plant that has been utilized for a great many years in different pieces of the world. Cocaine originates from the coca leaf, a plant that has a long history in profound ceremonies. It used to be that in the Andean Indian culture, the coca plant was connected to a holy goddess. These societies accepted that they needed to satisfy the coca goddess so as to have a fruitful harvest.The leaves of the coca plant were bitten or smoked to enable these locals to interface with otherworldly creatures, just as give supernatural insurance and forces. Coca leaves were bitten uniquely by the pioneers or sovereignty. After some time lower classes were urged to bite the leaves to encounter the advantages. Throughout the following quite a long while the American dominant part turned out to be increasingly more mindful of the threats of cocaine. As this is sue got in the end so awful it went to no decision however to boycott the social utilization of cocaine. This open weight constrained Pemberton to expel cocaine from Coca Cola in 1903.Eventually the open weight turned out to be so extraordinary as to put a national restriction on cocaine and in 1920 cocaine was added to the rundown of opiates to be prohibited by the death of The Dangerous Drug Act of 1920. Sadly with different medications like heroin, the perils of cocaine misuse were perceived by legislators afterward. The market for cocaine had just been set up into American history and culture and is with us today. Cocaine has had a rough history in the United States. There has been a lot of discussion about the association between the United States government and cocaine dealers.There have been articles and books expounded on the CIA working with cocaine vendors to help win the war on socialism. Others contend that the forceful job the U. S. government played in restricting the medication really prompted the pirating of it into our nation. Truth be told, it was the negative symptoms of cocaine utilize that was answerable for the expression, â€Å"dope fiend†. This came about in view of the conduct of an individual manhandling cocaine for delayed timeframes. Since cocaine is such an amazing energizer, delayed every day utilization of the medication makes extreme lack of sleep and loss of appetite.A individual may go days or at times a long time without dozing or eating appropriately. The client regularly encounters crazy conduct. Descending from the medication causes a condition of wretchedness for the individual in withdrawal. This individual would then be able to turn out to be so urgent for a greater amount of the medication that they will do pretty much anything to get a greater amount of it, including murder. On the off chance that the medication isn't promptly accessible the downturn involvement with withdrawal can turn out to be so incredible the client will now and again become self-destructive. It is a result of this impact on the client that the word â€Å"fiend† became related with cocaine fixation.

Fast-food Restaurant and Reasons for Obesity Research Paper

Drive-through eatery and Reasons for Obesity - Research Paper Example First Problem (Genes) Qualities have an effect upon every aspect of human physiology and adjustment and subsequently corpulence is no special case. Heftiness basically runs in families which further propose the way that it may have hereditary reasons. It tends to be expressed that a clarification of the corpulence pandemic needs to incorporate the job of the hereditary and that of nature. As per the ‘thrifty genotype’ theory, the qualities that helped progenitors to support for longer time are currently being tested by the environmental factors where the food is found in rich. Despite the fact that there is decrease in the pace of physical action and increment in the pace of calorie consumption that is liable for corpulence, it should be viewed as that these patterns are being drilled on the foundation of hereditary variety in the populace. The individual’s hereditary foundation can be considered as a noteworthy determinant identified with weakness to heftiness. It should be recalled t hat individuals with weight related qualities are not proposed to be hefty. Be that as it may, they are probably going to have a more serious hazard identified with weight (BBC News, 2009). Second Problem (Eating Habits and Physical Activity) Dietary patterns and physical action can be considered as one of the primary explanations for heftiness. It very well may be seen that Americans are seen as devouring higher calories in the current occasions. Just 10% of the Americans are seen as devouring a solid eating routine with regards to the government nourishment suggestions (World Health Organization, 2012). The eating regimen of the Americans is seen as excessively high as far as immersed just as trans fat, refined sugars and is low as far as natural products, vegetables, calcium and fiber which improves the probability of corpulence. In addition, it has additionally been discovered that about half of the American grown-ups don't acquire the proposed measure of the physical action. It is the customary exercise that helps with forestalling corpulence by a noteworthy degree (U.S. Branch of Health and Human Services, 2012). Answer for Genetic Problem With the help of the new sub-atomic instruments just as assets, studies can b e embraced so as to look for basic stoutness qualities sooner rather than later. These qualities can aid the assurance of the main drivers of the issues identified with weight. It will likewise conceivably advocate new treatments or intercessions and in this manner offer devices so as to appreciate how individuals react to their condition so as to get stout or stay lean. In the advanced setting, it is critical for the stout individuals to buckle down in contrast with others so as to keep up a sound body weight by methods for long haul and continued way of life changes. In spite of the fact that it is hard to switch people’s hereditary make-up and to control nature anyway the large individuals can get the hang of in regards to controlling the way of life decisions that they make (Lyon and Hirschhorn, 2005). Answer for the Problem of Eating Habits and Physical Activity Consumption of less

Love in 4 pre 1940 poems Essay

What contrasts have you found in the introduction of perspectives to cherish in any 4 of the pre 1940 sonnets I will expound on 4 unique sonnets and about there contrasts and likenesses The 4 sonnets I have decided to expound on are: To Celia †by Ben Jonson To His Coy Mistress †Andrew Marvell My Picture †By Abraham Cowley Shall I Compare thee†¦? †By William Shakespeare The prevalent demeanor to cherish before nineteen-fourteen was to put together fondness absolutely with respect to surface characteristics and not the inside characteristics. A portion of the sonnets backing and others negate this view. I will investigate the various mentalities to adore in sonnets composed before nineteen-fourteen by Shakespeare, Jonson, Cowley and Marvell. The principle motivation behind Shakespeare’s work, â€Å"Shall I look at thee†¦? † is to deify his adored through his own verse. The piece is at first observed as average of the affection verse of Elizabethan England since he is contrasting his dearest with nature’s excellence However, Shakespeare takes the Elizabethan love sonnet above and beyond by clarifying that his cherished is, actually, not to be seen at all like this: â€Å"And each reasonable from reasonable at some point declines†. The work is part into three quatrains with a rhyming couplet to end the sonnet. Shakespeare utilizes instances of normal excellence to clarify that his darling isn't as lovely as these choice regular marvels, however will last more and will remain considerably increasingly excellent inside: â€Å"But thy unceasing summer will not fade† He uncovers that she is, truth be told, is significantly more wonderful than the late spring as her magnificence will never blur. Shakespeare has all the earmarks of being full grown in his perspectives on affection and talks practically as opposed to in an energetic second. Shakespeare utilized a traditional type of verse to adulate verse and his adored. He flaunted that both would be protected almost everlastingly. After 500 years, nobody invalidates his brag. Then again, â€Å"To Celia† is a case of the worshipful admiration that the Shakespeare poem derides. Jonson compares his adored to a goddess, giving her exceptional powers past reasonable measure. He composes melodiously and communicates profound individual feelings about affection as somebody who was absurdly and enthusiastically infatuated would do, utilizing many misrepresented similitudes and striking language phrases: â€Å"But may I of Jove’s nectar sup, I would not change for thine. † He endeavors to show the degree of his adoration for her, by advising her, that regardless of whether he was offered to drink from the Holy Grail, he would want to drink from her cup. Utilizing religion to communicate love was exceptionally well known in adoration verse around then, as it was seen as critical piece of their way of life. In â€Å"To His Coy Mistress†, Marvell’s dearest is likewise not worshiped, as in â€Å"To Celia† however he uses inordinate adulation as an enticing gadget. This makes a significant number of the as far as anyone knows dedicated expressions he utilizes appear to be bogus. â€Å"An hundred years ought to go to applaud Thine eyes, and on thy brow gaze† He misrepresents how wonderful he thinks she is by comparing her to a Goddess who ought to be venerated, trusting that this will persuade her regarding his affection. The Shakespeare work makes references to the five detects. Jonson’s â€Å"To Celia†, composed at a comparative time, likewise alludes to the faculties: â€Å"Drink to me, just, with thine eyes† Marvell composes â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† in 1621, additionally endeavoring to convince, similar to Jonson. This time not to get his dearest to adore him, however to convince her to lay down with him. The two men are believed to be dismissed though in the Shakespeare pieces, clearly the couples are especially infatuated as of now. The sonnet â€Å"My picture† by Abraham Cowley is like â€Å"To Celia†, as the two ladies are the two men’s life powers. They suggest in their sonnets that in the event that the ladies were not there, at that point their lives would be useless and they would kick the bucket. In â€Å"My picture† Cowley gives his adored an image and he suggests that on the off chance that she isn't a major part of his life, at that point the image will no longer appear to be identical. This is despite the fact that the image has as of late been drawn, in light of the fact that he will have shriveled away as he has been out of her quality. As should be obvious both in â€Å"My Picture† and â€Å"To Celia† the two men depend on the two ladies to keep them alive. In the event that we take a gander at the sonnet â€Å"My Picture† by Cowley the words he has utilized looked very constrained as though he has recently utilized them to make the sonnet rhyme. I think anyway that Cowley has attempted to make the sonnet very happy by utilizing effortlessness with the rhyming-â€Å"The next sun’s rising will see Me pale, and lean, and old. † †We can see from this little concentrate the effortlessness of the sonnet and furthermore the way Cowley has quite recently utilized words that fit however along these lines look constrained. Notwithstanding on the off chance that we take a gander at the language of â€Å"To Celia†, Ben Jonson has utilized very muddled language that some may discover hard to comprehend †â€Å"Deserts of huge eternity† Doth ask a beverage divine; But may I of Jove’s nectar sup, I would not change for thine The sonnet â€Å"To Celia† has a rhyming plan ABCB. Ben Jonson has made the expressions of the sonnet stream truly well †â€Å"Drink to me just with thine eyes, And I’ll not search for wine Or leave a kiss yet in the cup And I’ll not search for wine† As you can see by perusing this the words Ben Jonson has utilized don't appear as though he has quite recently utilized them since they rhyme, he has basically utilized them on the grounds that these picked words are recounting to his story. In the event that we take a gander at the sonnet â€Å"Shall I look at thee†¦ † by Shakespeare the language he has utilized is basic and simple to peruse. The sonnet is likewise reasonable dissimilar to parts of â€Å"To Celia† by Ben Jonson. Taking everything into account we can see that each of the four sonnets anyway being comparable somehow or another additionally have there on characteristics and drawbacks. In Shakespeare’s piece he attempts to state that excellence within will keep going everlastingly anyway magnificence outwardly will be decimated one day. Then again Marvell composes his sonnet to convince his cherished, not to venerate her. Jonson writes to attempt to tell his darling the amount he cherishes her as he is urgent to be with her.

What to Expect From Essay Samples for 6th Grade?

What to Expect From Essay Samples for 6th Grade? Essay writing provides a great deal of benefits to students in the academe. Entries include book collection. Following are several types of essay topics in english for students that are categorized in many sections so you can easily chose the topic depending on your need and requirement. A Secret Weapon for Essay Samples for 6th Grade Expository essays offer more thorough understanding of a particular topic. An expository essay outline presupposes a very clear structure, which isn't really hard to embody. The expository essay definition could possibly be complemented with a few features. Both of these expository essay examples may be useful when making your own essay. Yes, there's a person who can assist you with your essays expert essay writers at MyPerfectWords. Before you proceed to write, ensure you comprehend the format in which you should submit your essay, while it is APA, MLA, Harvard or another style. Just as with any other kind of academic writing, these essays need reliable sources. Remember you shouldn't hand in one of these example essays as your own work as we don't condone plagiarism. Inside this section you will locate samples of essays belonging to different essay types and manners of formatting. There aren't any images within this sort of essays. Essay examples by yourdictionary there are four chief forms of essays. You really ought to think about reading more about these essays and their variations since there are quite a number of them. The Birth of Essay Samples for 6th Grade If you're going to compose an expository essay, be ready to devote much time hitting books. You don't necessarily must analyze the life span of people from the exact same region or field of activity. All the challenging work and the studying will be repaid. Additionally, there are times when you really feel like you don't need to write anything. It builds responsibility and provides kids an opportunity to practice. If for whatever reason, you end up struggling with math, there is absolutely no demand for alarm. As an example my brother should get a car because there's no bus that runs at night to where he works. You should have your reasons, and our primary concern is that you wind up getting a great grade. The Chronicles of Essay Samples for 6th Grade As with other essays, it is made of an introductory paragraph, which comprises the thesis statement, the major body paragraphs that demonstrate the statement, and a conclusion paragraph that summarizes all vital points. The very first paragraph should contain the most significant point that you want to make about the literary work and ought to give details to support the claim. The previous sentence ought to be persuasive to the major point and ought to demonstrate that the essay is coming to a conclusion. The very first sentence of each paragraph should play off the previous sentence of the former paragraph to provide a smooth transition. What to Expect From Essay Samples for 6th Grade? My family is actually important to me. As a parent, it's your duty to set limits for your son or daughter. Th e help provided by tutors is also limited since they may not operate on the assignment for your benefit. Parents have the duty to choose which option they'll adopt, but should have their kids' future at heart. The rest of The sentences should serve as an outline for the remainder of your paper. Focus on your language as it ought to be eerror-free Imagine your essay is a precious stone and produce all its faces shine using an easily readable and unique language. The solution to the disturbing question like how to compose a compare and contrast essay starts with the structure of this sort of academic writing. Hurry up to complete an essay order form at the website and forget about worries! The Fight Against Essay Samples for 6th Grade Keeping a consistent voice within the body paragraphs, in addition to the remainder of the essay, is also an additional ability that sixth-grade teachers are likely to be on the lookout for when grading. These strategies are certain to help you a cquire the creative juices flowing! By focusing on a few of these topics it becomes less difficult for you to discuss and share your ideas in a style such that the teacher will have the ability to appreciate your hard work. Whether it's an easy multiplication or the hardest math problem in the planet, you will find a professional who applies the perfect formula and shows all the workings.

A Complete List of John Steinbecks Books

John Steinbecks books depict a realistic and tender image of his childhood and life spent in Steinbeck Country, the region around the city of Monterrey, California. The world-renowned novelist, playwright, essayist, and short-story writer was born in Salinas, California, in 1902. Growing up in a rural town, he spent his summers working on local ranches which exposed him to the harsh lives of migrant workers. These experiences would provide much of the inspiration for some of his most celebrated works such as Of Mice and Men. John Steinbeck's Books John Steinbeck (1902–1968) was an American novelist, playwright, essayist, and short-story writer.His best-known work includes Of Mice and Men and The Grapes of Wrath.  He wrote a series of short stories set in his hometown of Monterrey, California, about the harsh lives of migrant workers there.  He won the Pulitzer Prize for Grapes of Wrath in 1940, and the Nobel Prize in Literature for his body of work in 1962.   Best Known Books Steinbeck published 30 books, including several that were well-respected by both critics and the public. Among those are Tortilla Flat, about a charming group of layabouts who live near Monterey; The Grapes of Wrath about a farming family fleeing the Dust Bowl of Oklahoma for California during the Great Depression; and Of Mice and Men, a story of two itinerant ranch hands struggling to survive. Many of Steinbecks books centered around the difficulties experienced by Americans living in the Dust Bowl during the Great Depression. He also took inspiration for his writing from his time spent as a reporter. His work has stirred controversy and offered a unique view into what life was like for struggling low-income Americans. John Steinbecks Books 1927: Cup of Gold—A historical fiction based loosely on the life of the 17th-century pirate Henry Morgan.1932: The Pastures of Heaven—Twelve interconnected stories about the people in a valley in Monterrey, California, a place which would become central in many of his later works.1933: To a God Unknown—Four brothers who move to California to work a ranch and struggle when drought takes away all they have grown.1935: Tortilla Flat—A small band of Hispanic paisanos in Monterrey enjoy life in Monterrey (Steinbecks first big success).  1936: In Dubious Battle—A labor activist struggles to organize fruit workers in California. Corbis / Getty Images 1937: Of Mice and Men—Two displaced migrants seek work in California during the Great Depression. The book was often a target of censorship for its vulgarity and offensive language.1937: The Red Pony Stories—Episodic novel appearing in magazines between 1933 and 1936, first published together in 1937, about a boy and his life on a California ranch.1938: The Long Valley—A collection of 12 short stories, written over several years and set in the Salinas Valley of California (includes the first Red Pony story).   Corbis / Getty Images 1939: The Grapes of Wrath—A poor migrant family from Oklahoma and their struggles to find a place in California. Steinbecks best-known novel and winner of the Pulitzer and other literary prizes.  Ã‚  1941: The Forgotten Village—A documentary film written by Steinbeck and narrated by Burgess Meredith, about a Mexican village grappling with modernization.  1942: The Moon Is Down—A story of a small coastal town in northern Europe that is overrun by an unnamed army (thought to be a fictionalization of the occupation of Norway by the Nazis in World War II).  1942: Bombs Away: The Story of a Bomber Team—A nonfiction account of Steinbecks experiences with several World War II American Army Air bomber crews.  1945—Cannery Row—A story of a disastrous party thrown by the inhabitants of a small town in California for their friend Doc.  1947: The Wayward Bus—Interactions of a cross-section of people at a crossroads bus stop in California .1947: The Pearl—An immense pearl brings ill-effects to an oyster fishermans family.  1948: A Russian Journal—A report from Steinbeck on his travels through the Soviet Union during Joseph Stalins rule.  1950: Burning Bright—A morality story meant to be produced as a play, during which an aging man goes to great lengths to have a child. Corbis via Getty Images / Getty Images 1951: The Log from the Sea of Cortez—Steinbecks personal log of a six-week expedition in the Gulf of California he made with marine biologist Ed Ricketts. Written in 1941, published in 1951.1952: East of Eden—A novel about two Salinas valley families in the first two decades of the 20th century, based on the story of Steinbecks own ancestors.  1954: Sweet Thursday—A revisit of the people in Cannery Row, taking place after the main character Doc returns at the end of World War II.1957: The Short Reign of Pippin IV: A Fabrication—A political satire, exploring what might happen if an ordinary fellow was selected to be the King of France.  1958: Once There Was A War—A collection of articles written for the New York Herald Tribune while Steinbeck was a foreign correspondent during World War II.1961: The Winter of Our Discontent—The struggles of a Long Island man whose family has fallen from an aristocratic level to a middle-class existence. St einbecks last novel.  1962: Travels with Charley: In Search of America—A travelogue of Steinbecks road trip across the U.S. in a hand-built camper with his dog Charley.  1966: America and Americans—A collection of articles from Steinbecks career as a journalist.  1969: Journal of a Novel: The East of Eden Letters—A series of letters written by Steinbeck to his editor during the writing of East of Eden. Published posthumously (Steinbeck died in 1968).   Corbis / Getty Images 1975: Viva Zapata!—A screenplay written by Steinbeck was used to produce this biographical film about the Mexican revolutionary Emiliano Zapata.  1976: The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights—An adaptation of the legend of King Arthur, started in 1956, and unfinished at his death.  1989: Working Days: The Journals of The Grapes of Wrath—Edited and annotated version of Steinbecks personal journal written while he was working on The Grapes of Wrath. Prizes for Literature   Steinbeck won the Pulitzer Prize in 1940 for The Grapes of Wrath, and a Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962, an award he did not think he deserved. The author was not alone in that thought; many literary critics were also unhappy with the decision. In 2013, the Nobel Prize committee revealed that the author had been a compromise choice, chosen from a bad lot where none of the authors stood out. Many believed that Steinbecks best work was already behind him by the time he was chosen for the award; others believed that the criticism of his win was politically motivated. The authors anti-capitalist slant to his stories made him unpopular with many. In spite of this, he is still considered one of Americas greatest writers and his books are regularly taught in American and British schools.

Global Warming A Climate in Crisis Essay - 911 Words

Global warming is destroying our earth. We, as humans, are responsible for global warming. Global warming is gasses that are trapped in the atmosphere. These gasses are water vapors, carbon dioxide and methane gas. Do you heat your home with gas, drive a car, or know someone who works at a power plant? These are just a few contributing factors of global warming. Gasses that are emitted from power plants and your automobile are fossil fuels. These fuels include oil, gas, and kerosene. Where do these gasses go? They are trapped in the atmosphere under what is called a green house effect (Time for Change p.1). I take the position that I do believe in global warming. It’s not just scientists who are taking notice, I’m taking notice. I’m†¦show more content†¦Glaciers, arctic ice, and snow are melting in areas such as Alaska, Canada and Russia. According to a magazine article named â€Å"Global Warming Heats Up†, large amounts of ice sheets are melting and the temperatures are rising. In 1910, Glacier National Park had 150 glaciers; today they have 27. As a result of the glaciers melting, less fresh water will be available. This could leave certain cities that depend on the glaciers without the water source they need (Effects of Global Warming, p.1). Another result of global warming will be disturbances in the atmosphere such as very severe storms that will occur more often (Effects of Global Warming, p.1). Global warming not only poses a threat to our environment, but to the animals as well. In thirty years, the penguins breeding pairs went from 32,000 to 11,000 in Antarctica. Also, the polar bear’s populations are decreasing. This drop in population is due partially to the arctic ice melting which makes the polar bears swim out further in the ocean to find food. According to NWF.org, the ice melt totaled to be about the size of Alaska and Texas combined, which has a devastating effect on the polar bears. (NWF.org, Polar Bears, p.1). Another natural wonder is on the decline, coral reefs. As the water temperatures rise the coral reefs die because they are sensitive to water temperatures. (Global Warming Fast Facts, p.1). Certain animals such as foxes andShow MoreRelatedThe Rationalization Of Global Warming1333 Words   |  6 PagesRationalization of Global Warming Global Warming is one of the most recent discussions within the scientific community and throughout its path towards acceptance scientist in agreeance with the model have to provide evidence of support for their claim. Kuhn’s process of discovery states that normal science is only thrown into a paradigm shift when a crisis emerges within the paradigm and the discoveries within the crisis lead to a revolution towards a new normal science. Within the scientific communityRead More Solutions to preventing the spread of global warming and its affects1632 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The American flag has gone through changes over time; those changes have made an impact on our country and made it what it is today.† Our earth is like the American flag, it is constantly changing, and one issue that affects our earth is global warming. We now live in an industrialized world which is filled with many new technologies that provide goods and services to us, provide us with energy a nd electricity and transportation. These new technological advances have made our lives much easier toRead MoreGlobal Warming : A Serious Problem1495 Words   |  6 Pageson. I saved my grandpa the worry of what I know is a very serious problem: Global Warming(â€Å"What’s Behind the Freakishly Warm Winter in the Eastern U.S.?†). Accordingly, there is a popular quote that frequents my Facebook newsfeed regularly: â€Å"There is no Planet B.† This would have meant nothing to me before, but taking Introduction to Environmental Issues has enlightened me on the true complexity of the global warming crisis. We have an exponentially growing human population with proportionally increasingRead MoreAn Inconvenient Truth1551 Words   |  7 PagesAn Inconvenient Truth The climate crisis that our planet faces has become an ever-increasing and extremely controversial issue. In the book â€Å"An Inconvenient Truth,† Al Gore goes beyond the political and economic implications of this crisis and states that global warming is a moral issue that humans need to address. For years, scientists have been examining the reasons for the changing climate and have come to the conclusion that global warming is real and it is serious threat to the world. EventuallyRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects On The Global Climate876 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the major problems confronting today society is global warming. Everyone is talking about global warming, which is also known as â€Å"climate change† or â€Å"green is the new black†. However, like Mark Twain once said, â€Å"everyone talks about the weather but nobody does anything about it† (1897 P. 8) According to dictionary.com global warming can be described as â€Å"an incr ease in the average temperature worldwide believed to be caused by greenhouse effect.† We are the most responsible for this situationRead MoreMedia s Interpretation Of Global Warming992 Words   |  4 PagesMedia’s Interpretation of Global Warming A major problem and controversy that’s continuing to build up in the world, is global warming. There are two opposing sides to this controversy. 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The male reproductive system free essay sample

This paper describes in detail the anatomy and physiology of the human male reproductive system including its organs: testes, scrotum, prostate, spermatic ducts, sex glands, and penis; including the physiology of spermatogenesis, fertilization and the production of hormones by the male reproductive system. Taylor (2013). The Organs of the Male Reproductive System The penis is located above the scrotum and one of its functions is to deliver semen into the female vagina in sexual intercourse which leads to fertilization. The other function of the penis is the excretion of urine through the urethra. The penis is composed of three parts the root, the shaft, and the glans. The root is attached to the wall of the abdomen within the pubic region. The shaft comes immediately after the root of the penis and the glans immediately follows the shaft. The glans, also known as the head of the penis, is covered in loose skin called the foreskin. The opening of the urethra, where urine and semen leave the body, is located at the tip of the glans and is referred to as the external urethral orifice. The penis is mostly cylindrical in shape and is composed of three tubular chambers of spongy-like tissue, this tissue contains thousands of large spaces that are capable of filling with blood with the male is aroused. As blood fills these spaces it stiffens and erects the penis allowing for penetration of the female vagina to occur, thus allowing fertilization to occur. WebMD, LLC. (2013) Testes, or testicles, are located in a pouch-like sac called the scrotum below the penis. Testes are oval in shape and are about the size of a large olive, 1. Inches long and an inch in diameter. Surrounding each testis itself is a white fibrous capsule called the tunica albuginea. The testicles are secured within the scrotum by the spermatic cord that is anchored to the abdomen. They are responsible for producing testosterone and for generating sperm. The production of sperm is accomplished by coiled masses of tubes called seminiferous tubules that are located in lobules within the testes. WebMD (2013). The production of sperm doesn’t occur until a male reaches puberty, typically 13-15 years of age. During puberty a male child starts to produce hormones which affect essentially every aspect of the male physiology. The principle hormone is testosterone which causes, indirectly or directly, growth, muscular build, hair growth in the pubic region and face, as well as hormonal changes in the testes. This hormonal change signals the seminiferous tubules to start producing sperm. Healthline Networks, Inc. (2013). The cells located between the seminiferous tubules in clusters are called interstitial or leydig cells, which are the source of testosterone. This process, the production of sperm, is called spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis takes place in the testes and epididymis. As mentioned above prior to puberty, there is no spermatogenesis due to the lack of hormonal triggers. At puberty, spermatogenesis begins when luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone are produced. Luteinizing hormone triggers the production of testosterone by the testes while follicle stimulating hormone triggers the maturation of germ cells. Testosterone stimulates stem cells in the testes known as spermatogonium to undergo the process of developing into spermatocytes. Each diploid spermatocyte goes through the process of meiosis I and splits into two haploid secondary spermatocytes. The secondary spermatocytes go through meiosis II to form four haploid spermatid cells. The spermatid cells then go through a process known as spermiogenesis where they grow a flagellum and develop the structures of the sperm head. After spermiogenesis, the cell is finally a sperm cell, or spermatozoa. The spermatozoa are released into the epididymis where they complete their maturation and become able to move on their own. Saladin, Kenneth S. (2012). Spermatozoa are the male gamete. A single sperm is composed of a head, mid piece and tail or flagellum; all of which only makes up barely . 002 inches in length. The head is composed of a nucleus, acrosome and flagellar basal body. The nucleus is what contains the 23 pairs of chromosomes needed for reproduction. The acrosome is a lysosome in the form of a thin cap covering the posterior upper portion of the nucleus, it also has enzymes that allow it to penetrate a female egg cell or oocyte. The third part of the sperm, the tail, is divided into three parts: midpiece, principal piece and endpiece. This tale allows the sperm to propel it’s self through the female vagina to get to the oocyte. R. Bowen (2000). Sperm makes up the main component of semen. Semen is a fluid that is produced by males that is composed of a number of chemicals suspended in a liquid medium and the aforementioned sperm. A typical ejaculation discharges around two to five ml of semen. Of which thirty percent is prostatic fluid, sixty percent seminal vesicle fluid, and ten percent sperm. This mere ten percent contains, on average, 50 to 120million sperm/ml. The prostatic fluid is composed of a thin, milky white fluid containing calcium, phosphate ions, and citrate. The seminal vesicle fluid is composed of a thicker yellowish fluid containing fructose and other carbohydrates, citrate, prostaglandins and a protein called prosemenogelin. Saladin, Kenneth S. (2012). The semen is ejaculated out of the body by the penis during sexual intercourse. Sperm is produced by the testes but is stored in the epididymis to become fully matured before ejaculation. The epididymis is composed of about two hundred and fifty meters (eight hundred and fifty feet) of long, thin tubules that are tightly coiled into a small mass that wraps around the superior and posterior edge of the testes. Tim Taylor (2013). The scrotum, which houses the testes in a sack like pouch, is composed of skin and muscle and is located inferior to the penis. The smooth muscle located in the scrotum controls the distance between the testes and the body. This is a necessary function of the scrotum to keep the seminiferous tubules at optimal temperature for sperm production. If the testes become too warm to support sperm production the smooth muscle within the scrotum can relax, increasing the distance from the body’s heat and allowing the testes to cool down. Conversely, if the testes become too cold to support sperm production the smooth muscle within the scrotum will contract, decreasing the distance from the body so that the testes will be warmed by the body’s heat. Tim Taylor (2013). Some would say that the scrotum is one of the most fragile structure of the male anatomy, I have been told that it is unbelievably painful when this anatomy is struck with any kind of force. Within the scrotum, as I have mentioned above, a pair of spermatic cords anchors the testes to the abdominal cavity. These spermatic cords include the ductus deferens along with nerves, veins, arteries, and lymphatic vessels that support the function of the testes. These cords pass from abdominal wall through the external inguinal ring into the scrotum. The ductus deferens, also known as the vas deferens, is a muscular tube that carries sperm from the epididymis into the abdominal cavity to the external urethral orifice. The smooth muscles of the walls of the ductus deferens are used to move sperm towards the ejaculatory duct through peristalsis. Tim Taylor (2013). There are three sets of accessory glands in the male reproductive system, of which include: the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands. The seminal vesicles are a pair of glands located behind the bladder, posteriorly. The liquid produced by the seminal vesicles contains proteins and mucus and has an alkaline pH to help sperm survive in the acidic environment of the vagina. The liquid also contains fructose to feed sperm cells so that they survive long enough to fertilize the oocyte. The prostate gland completely surrounds a portion of the urethra, inferior end of the urinary bladder and is about the size of a walnut. The prostate contains smooth muscle tissue that can constrict to prevent the flow of urine or semen. As mentioned above thirty percent of semen is made from secretions from this gland. This fluid is milky white in color and contains enzymes, proteins, and other chemicals to support and protect sperm during ejaculation. The bulbourethral glands, also known as the Cowper’s glands, are a pair of pea-sized exocrine glands located inferior to the prostate and anterior to the anus. It secretes a thin alkaline fluid into the urethra that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes acid from urine remaining in the urethra after urination. These secretions from this gland function to prepare the urethra for the flow of semen prior to ejaculation. One of the functions of the male reproductive system is fertilization. Fertilization is the process by which a sperm combines with an oocyte to produce a fertilized zygote. The sperm released during ejaculation must first swim through the vagina, with the help of its flagellum, the uterus and into the fallopian tubes where they may find an oocyte. After reaching the oocyte, sperm next have to penetrate the outer corona radiata and zona pellucida layers of the oocyte. Sperm contain enzymes in the acrosome region of the head that allow them to penetrate these layers. After penetrating the interior of the oocyte, the nuclei of these haploid cells fuse to form a diploid cell known as a zygote. After the first sperm cell manages to get past these layers the oocyte stops any more sperm cells from getting inside  of it. The zygote cell begins cell division to form an embryo. Saladin, Kenneth S (2012). In conclusion the male reproductive system includes the penis, the scrotum, the testicles, male sex glands, and spermatic ducts. The main functions of the reproductive system are fertilization and the ability to urinate. It also helps to produce hormones that a re useful throughout the body with hair growth and transitioning from a boy to a fully grown mature male. The male reproductive system is far less complicated than the female reproductive system but it is an important part in keeping the human race from perishing.